Around the Messenger of Allah ﷺ

Diagrams, tables and brief explanation showcasing interesting facts about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, including those who called the adhan during his lifetime, those honored with guarding the Prophet ﷺ at night, the names of the animals he ﷺ rode, his family members and much much more, Insha-Allah. Unveiling the Legacy of the Prophet ﷺ.

 

 

Diagram 1: The Muadhins of the Prophet ﷺ

 

 

 

 

The mu’adhins were those who called the adhan (the call to prayer). During the lifetime of the Prophet ﷺ, four individuals were honored with this important duty. They were:

 

1. Bilal Ibn Rabah رضي الله عنه in Madinah
2. Abdullah Ibn Amr Ibn Umm Makhtum رضي الله عنه in Madinah
3. Sad Ibn Quradh رضي الله عنه in Quba
4. Abu Mahdhurah  رضي الله عنه in Makkah

 

 

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Diagram 2: The Gatekeepers of The Prophet ﷺ

 

 

 

 

 

The Gatekeepers were those who stood by the door of the Prophet ﷺ, granting permission to those whom the Prophet ﷺ allowed to enter. This role was fulfilled by three individuals:

 

• Abu Musa al-Ashari رضي الله عنه
• Rabah al-Aswad رضي الله عنه [he رضي الله عنه was the one who gave permission to Umar رضي الله عنه
• Anasah Ibn Badah رضي الله عنه

 

 

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Diagram 3: The Guards of The Prophet ﷺ

 

 

 

 

 

The guards were those entrusted with the responsibility of guarding the Prophet ﷺ during the night. On various occasions, eight individuals were honored with this important duty:

 

1. Zubair Ibn Awam رضي الله عنه during the day of Khandaq.
2. Ubaad Ibn Bishr رضي الله عنه when the verse [وَٱللَّهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ] from (Surah al-Maidah: 67) was revealed.
3. Abu Ayub al-Ansari رضي الله عنه during the day when The Prophet ﷺ married Safiyah رضي الله عنها.
4. Sad Ibn Muadh رضي الله عنه during the day of Badr.
5. Muhammad Ibn Maslamah رضي الله عنه during the day of Uhud.
6. Sad Ibn Abi Waqas رضي الله عنه in Wadi al-Qura.
7. Bilal Ibn Rabah رضي الله عنه in Wadi al-Qura.
8. Dhakwan Ibn Abd al-Qais رضي الله عنه in Wadi al-Qura.

 

 

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Diagram 4: The Infantry Fencer of The Prophet ﷺ

Salamah ibn al-Akwaʿ رضي الله عنه was renowned for his exceptional speed — so much so that he could chase down enemy raiders entirely on foot! In one hadith, the Noble Prophet ﷺ said:

 

كَانَ خَيْرَ فُرْسَانِنَا الْيَوْمَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ وَخَيْرَ رَجَّالَتِنَا سَلَمَةُ

 

“The best of our horsemen today was Abū Qatādah, and the best of our foot soldiers was Salamah.”

[Sahih Muslim, Hadith Number: 1807]

 

 

He was likewise renowned for his courage, boldly addressing the entire opposing force without hesitation:

 

أَنَا ابْنُ الأَكْوَعِ، وَالْيَوْمُ يَوْمُ الرُّضَّعِ

 

 I am the son of al-Akwaʿ… and today is the day of the suckling!

[Sahih Bukhari, Hadith Number: 3041]

 

This phrase is an Arabic idiom expressing that today is a day of severity and hardship, implying that those who are weak or like children (suckling babies) will not endure it — a metaphor for how intense the pursuit and expedition was.

 

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Diagram 5: Ministers of The Prophet ﷺ

 

 

The minsters of the Prophet ﷺ were four (4):

 

1. Abū Bakr رضي الله عنه, among the inhabitants of the earth (مِنْ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ)
2. Umar رضي الله عنه, among the inhabitants of the earth (مِنْ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ)
3. Jibraeel عليه السلام, among the inhabitants of the sky/heaven (مِنْ أَهْلِ السَّمَاءِ)
4. Mikaeel عليه السلام, among the inhabitants of the sky/heaven (مِنْ أَهْلِ السَّمَاءِ)

 

 

The two companions (العُمَرَيْنِ), Abū Bak and Umar رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا were advised in various situations such as the captives of Badr. (See: Sahih Muslim, Hadith Number: 1763; Musnad Ahmad: 1/373; Tafseer Ibn Katheer: 1/325)

 

Prior to the expedition of Badr, it is reported that the Prophet ﷺ sought the counsel of Abū Bakr and ʿUmar رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا — highlighting their distinguished status as his most trusted advisers, akin to ministers in his blessed assembly ﷺ. (See: Abridged Seeratul Mustafa ﷺ, pg: 227)

 

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Diagram 6: Judges of The Prophet ﷺ

 

 

 

Both Muʿādh ibn Jabal and ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib رضي الله عنهما were appointed by the Prophet ﷺ as judges (quḍāt, singular: qāḍī) in different circumstances.

 

Muʿādh ibn Jabal رضي الله عنه – This is found in a hadith in the Sunan of Abu Dawud (Hadith Number: 3592):

 

When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) intended to send Mu’adh ibn Jabal to the Yemen, he asked: How will you judge when the occasion of deciding a case arises?He replied: I shall judge in accordance with Allah’s Book. He asked: (What will you do) if you do not find any guidance in Allah’s Book? He replied: (I shall act) in accordance with the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).

He asked: (What will you do) if you do not find any guidance in the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and in Allah’s Book?

He replied: I shall do my best to form an opinion and I shall spare no effort.

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) then patted him on the chest and said: Praise be to Allah Who has helped the messenger of the Messenger of Allah to find something which pleases the Messenger of Allah.

 

[سنن ابي داود, كتاب الاقضية, باب اجتهاد الراي في القضاء, حديث رقم: ٣٥٩٢]

 

 

ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib رضي الله عنه – This is found in a hadith in the Sunan of Abu Dawud (Hadith Number: 3592):

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent me to the Yemen as judge, and I asked: Messenger of Allah, are you sending me when I am young and have no knowledge of the duties of a judge? He replied: Allah will guide your heart and keep your tongue true. When two litigants sit in front of you, do not decide till you hear what the other has to say as you heard what the first had to say; for it is best that you should have a clear idea of the best decision. He said: I had been a judge (for long); or he said (the narrator is doubtful): I have no doubts about a decision afterwards.

 

[سنن ابي داود, كتاب الاقضية, باب كيف القضاء, حديث رقم: ٣٥٨٢]

 

 

There is a statement of Umar رضى الله عنه in praise of the Judgment of Ali رضى الله عنه:

 

 

  قَالَ عُمَرُ: أَقْرَؤُنَا أُبَىٌّ، وَأَقْضَانَا عَلِيٌّ

[رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُم]

Umar رضي الله عنه said, “Our best Qur’an reciter is Ubai رضي الله عنه and our best judge is `Ali رضي الله عنه.

 

[صحيح البخاري كتاب التفسير باب قوله ما ننسخ من اية او ننسها حديث رقم ٤٤٨١]

 

 

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Diagram 7: Trustees of The Prophet ﷺ

 

 

Certain Companions were entrusted by the Prophet ﷺ with specific responsibilities, including the safekeeping of important resources such as the public treasury. Among them, these three (3) Companions رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُم were specifically charged with safeguarding the Bayt al-Māl.

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1. Abū ʿUbaydah ibn al-Jarrāḥ رضي الله عنه – This is established from the hadith narrated by Anas Ibn Malik رضي الله عنه, that The Prophet ﷺ said:

 

إِنَّ لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ أَمِينًا، وَإِنَّ أَمِينَنَا أَيَّتُهَا الأُمَّةُ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ

 

Every nation has an extremely trustworthy man, and the trustworthy man of this (i.e. Muslim) nation is Abu ‘Ubaida bin Al-Jarrah رضي الله عنه.

 

[صحيح البخاري, كتاب فضائل اصحاب النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم, باب مناقب ابي عبيدة بن الجراح رضي الله عنه, حديث رقم ٣٧٤٤]

 

 

2. Bilāl ibn Rabāḥ رضي الله عنه – He رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ was entrusted with overseeing the public expenditures (Nafaqāt). Additionally, رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ he was responsible for waking the Prophet ﷺ and the Companions رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُم for Fajr Ṣalāh during travel (Safar). This is reported in a hadith of Sunan an-Nasāʾī:

It was narrated from Nafi’ bin Jubair رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ, from his father رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ, that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said during a journey:

 

مَنْ يَكْلَؤُنَا اللَّيْلَةَ لاَ نَرْقُدَ عَنْ صَلاَةِ الصُّبْحِ‏.‏ قَالَ بِلاَلٌ أَنَا ‏

Who will watch out for dawn for us, so that we do not sleep and miss the dawn prayer?” Bilal رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ said: ‘I will.

 

[سنن النسائي كتاب المواقيت باب كيف يقضى الفائت من الصلاة حديث رقم ٦٢٤]

3. Muʿayqīb رضي الله عنه – He رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ was also entrusted with safeguarding the signet-ring of the Prophet ﷺ, which was used to stamp official letters. This is established in the ḥadīth narrated by Īyās ibn al-Ḥārith ibn al-Muʿayqib, who reported from his grandfather, and his maternal grandfather was Abū Dhubāb رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُم:

 

كَانَ خَاتَمُ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنْ حَدِيدٍ مَلْوِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ فِضَّةٌ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَرُبَّمَا كَانَ فِي يَدِهِ قَالَ وَكَانَ الْمُعَيْقِيبُ عَلَى خَاتَمِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم

 

The signet-ring of the Prophet (ﷺ) was of iron polished with silver. Sometimes it remained in my possession. Al-Mu’ayqib رضي الله عنه was in charge of the signet-ring of the Prophet (ﷺ).

[سنن ابي داود, كتاب الخاتم, باب ما جاء في خاتم الحديد, حديث رقم ٤٢٢٤]

 

 

 

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Diagram 8: Attendants of The Prophet ﷺ

 

 

1. ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib رضي الله عنه

2. Abū ʿUbaydah ibn al-Jarrāḥ رضي الله عنه

3. al-ʿAlāʾ ibn al-Ḥaḍramī رضي الله عنه

4. Bilāl ibn Abī Rabāḥ رضي الله عنه

5. Abū Hurayrah رضي الله عنه

6. al-Muhājir ibn Abī Umayyah رضي الله عنه

7. Ziyād ibn Labīd رضي الله عنه

8. ʿAdī ibn Ḥātim رضي الله عنه

9. Mālik ibn Nuwayrah رضي الله عنه

10. al-Zibriqān ibn Badr رضي الله عنه

11. Qays ibn ʿĀṣim رضي الله عنه

 

 

 

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More diagrams and tables coming soon Insha Allah

 

 

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Extracted from: Shajarah al-Nabawiyyah fī Nasb al-Khayr al-Barriyyah