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This article is a study of Arabic Grammar for beginners to an intermediate level. Contains key fundamentals of Arabic Grammar, in an abridged format, with numerous examples. Based on the famous Arabic text for Arabic grammar – Ajrumiyah. This article is a resource and reference for students of knowledge.
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[الكلام وما يتألف منه]
[Speech and what it consists of]
The author begins by explaining what speech [Kalam] is, since this is the study of Arabic grammar. Understanding its definition, the different types of speech [noun, verb and particle] and its signs [what indicates that it is a noun or verb or particle].
الكلام: هو اللفظ المركب المفيد بالوضع
Speech: It is such speech that consists of two or more words, is beneficial and in arabic.
Breakdown
[الكلام]: Beneficial speech/utterance.
[اللفظ]: A voice/sound that consists of some of the letters of the alphabet. For example: Zaid, as it is a word that comprises of the following:
- الزاي [Zaa]
- الياء [Yaa]
- الدّال [Daal]
Therefore, not included [in this definition] is indicating and writing, this is because it is not with spoken words, even though it is beneficial.
[المركّب]: That consists of two words or more, for example: Zaid stood or Zaid is standing. Therefore, not included [in this definition] is a single word. For example: Zaid, stood, come!, is?, so according to the grammarians, you can’t class them as speech [kalam], even though it is a word.
[المفيد]: That which gives complete benefit/meaning. An example is: Zaid stood, this informs of the standing of Zaid. So therefore not included [in this definition] is that which is a compound [al-Murakab] with attachment [idafah]. For example Abdullah [servant of Allah] or my pen, as they do not give complete meaning.
[الوضع]: There are two possible meanings. First possible meaning is, a purpose, that which the speaker intends for the benefit of the listener. The second possible meaning is Arabic.
as-Saban states: the apparent meaning is Arabic language, as it is a stipulation, which is necessary in defining speech [kalam]. This is also mentioned by Shatibi and others, so that other languages are not included, and not purpose as it is beneficial.
More content to be added Insha-Allah.
